OUTBOARD FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT OF U.S

General situation
According to data of Foreign Investment Agency, accumulated to March 2020 across the country, the United States ranked 11th in terms of newly licensed investment capital in Vietnam with 1,015 newly granted projects, total capital. invested over 9,321 billion USD. If only in the first 3 months of 2020, the United States ranked 12th with 26 newly granted projects and total newly registered investment capital of US $ 13.02 million.

Although US FDI into Vietnam is still small, in reality, there are very good signals. Evidence is that Ho Chi Minh City attracts investment from the leading US chip manufacturer, Intel. With the policy of calling for good investment, this group has poured 1 billion USD in Ho Chi Minh City Hi-tech Park. The factory in Ho Chi Minh City has become one of the main production units of Intel worldwide
Especially in March, amid the complicated changes of COVID 19 epidemic worldwide, in Da Nang High-tech Park in Da Nang, UAC Group inaugurated the first phase of the component factory project. Aerospace, Phase 2 of the project will continue to be completed in 04/2023. With a total investment of US $ 170 million, it is expected that by 2021 the project will achieve export value of US $ 25 million, by 2022 to US $ 82 million and from 2026 to over US $ 180 million.
Central Region – Central Highlands
In the Central Region - Central Highlands alone, accumulated to March 2020, the United States has 93 investment projects with a total registered capital of US $ 584.48 million (accounting for 2.27% compared to the region).
In the first 3 months of 2020 alone, US investors have had 04 investment projects in the region, with total newly registered capital of 278.4 thousand USD. The highlight is the project of Global Agility Solutions Co., Ltd which in the field of information technology, computer system management with a registered investment capital of USD 129,814 thousand in Chan May - Lang Co Economic Zone. The next major project is Data House Asia Consulting Joint Stock Company with a registered capital of US $ 100 thousand in Danang City.
Outboard Foreign Direct Investment of US
According to the Guidelines on Building the Investment Promotion Program 2020 of the Foreign Investment Agency on the Situation and Trends of FDI abroad into sectors and fields of some major partners of Vietnam, the US still is rated as one of the 06 countries and territories that have an important impact on Vietnam's FDI attraction.
Statistics of the Office of American Economic Analysis (BEA) in 2019 show that the United States is the largest investment in Canada with a total investment of over 33 billion USD, followed by Asia-Pacific countries. Duong with a total capital of 43.735 billion USD (of which the leading is Singapore with more than 24 billion USD, Japan with nearly 7 billion USD, China with more than 5 billion USD, India with nearly 5 billion USD). Vietnam is one of the US capital invested in the remaining countries in Asia Pacific with a total capital of less than US $ 1 billion.
According to BEA data, the US field of outward investment focused heavily on manufacturing of chemical manufacturing and processing industries, accounting for 22.18%; wholesale trading companies accounted for 14.4%; and information technology accounted for nearly 10%; investment in stocks of listed companies accounted for nearly 11%; production of computers, computer equipment, electronic of products accounted for 5.3%.
Before 2018, the United States was the world's largest offshore investor. However, the largest tax policy in the past 30 years in the US of the President Donald Trump administration has strongly influenced the flow of US OFDI capital. FDI flows from the US decreased in all world markets. In Asia, US businesses have withdrawn US $ 115 billion from this region, of which Singapore is the most affected country with a capital withdrawal of US $ 74.3 billion. In 2018, the size of US ODI capital in China decreased by 13%.US direct investment in Vietnam is also on a downward trend recently, in 2018, it decreased by 36%, 2019 decreased by 14% and the first 2 months of the year decreased by 17% over the same period.
OFDI capital in wholesale trade has decreased from US $ 15.4 billion in 2017 to minus US $ 32 billion in 2018. In the manufacturing sector, the OFDI capital scale of US businesses is about US $ 30-40 billion / year, accounting for 15-20% of OFDI capital. In 2017, this capital flow increased by more than 222%, reaching 134.5 billion USD, but by 2018, it decreased by 76%, to 32.5 billion USD. Contrary to the trend of divestment in many fields, OFDI capital in information and scientific and technical services increased rapidly, less affected by the effects of tax policies and geopolitical fluctuations.
UNCTAD estimates that the value of profits that US multinationals retain overseas is currently worth $ 3.2 trillion. A survey by the American Chamber of Commerce in South China states that 41% of US companies are considering or have moved factories out of China. Potential locations to move the plant are Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam, Cambodia, Philippines or Mexico. According to the Nikkei Asian Review, about 50 multinational corporations have announced plans to move their manufacturing plants out of China (7 out of 50 companies choose to come to Vietnam). Some of the world's leading industrial enterprises, such as Apple, have plans to test production of AirPods in Vietnam. In July 2019, two major Japanese technology companies, Sharp and Kyocera, canceled plans to produce LCDs, laptops, photocopiers, multi-function displays, etc. in China and plan to move the factory to Vietnam.
In conclusion, US OFDI investment is in a period of high reliance on the stability of the inward policies of the Donald Trump administration. Besides, other factors such as market, technology, human resources of partner countries or stability of security also affect US OFDI.